What is celiac disease?
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the small intestine. It is triggered by the consumption of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. When someone with celiac disease eats gluten, their immune system attacks their small intestine, causing damage to the lining and interfering with the absorption of nutrients.
Prevalence of celiac disease in Spain
In Spain, approximately 1% of the population is celiac, which means that there are around 450,000 people with this disease. However, it is estimated that around 75% of people with celiac disease in Spain are undiagnosed, which means that the actual number of people affected could be much higher.
Symptoms of celiac disease
The symptoms of celiac disease can vary from person to person, and some people may not experience any symptoms at all. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, weight loss, and fatigue. In children, celiac disease can also cause stunted growth and delayed puberty.
Diagnosis and treatment
Diagnosing celiac disease involves a blood test to check for antibodies that are produced in response to gluten. If the blood test is positive, a biopsy of the small intestine may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. The only treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet. This means avoiding all foods that contain wheat, barley, and rye, as well as any foods that may have come into contact with gluten.
The impact of celiac disease on daily life
Living with celiac disease can be challenging, as it requires a significant change in diet and lifestyle. People with celiac disease must be careful to avoid cross-contamination in the kitchen, and they may need to bring their own food to social events. Eating out can also be difficult, as many restaurants do not have gluten-free options or may not be aware of how to prepare food safely for people with celiac disease.
Conclusion
Celiac disease is a relatively common condition in Spain, affecting around 1% of the population. However, many people with celiac disease are undiagnosed, which means that the true prevalence of the disease is likely higher. Living with celiac disease can be challenging, but with the right diagnosis and treatment, people with this condition can lead a healthy and fulfilling life.
FAQs
1. Is celiac disease hereditary?
Yes, celiac disease has a genetic component, and it tends to run in families.
2. Can celiac disease develop later in life?
Yes, it is possible for celiac disease to develop at any age, although it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood.
3. Can celiac disease be cured?
No, there is no cure for celiac disease, but a strict gluten-free diet can effectively manage the symptoms.
4. Can people with celiac disease still eat oats?
It depends on the individual. Some people with celiac disease may be able to tolerate oats, but others may not. It is important to choose oats that are labeled as gluten-free.
5. Is gluten-free food more expensive?
Yes, gluten-free food can be more expensive than regular food, as it often requires specialized ingredients and preparation methods.
